The new Tainos was indeed pre-Columbian populace of Bahamas, Deeper Antilles, together with northern Lower Antilles. It is believed that the fresh seafaring Tainos was members of the family of your own Arawakan folks of South usa. Its vocabulary try a person in this new Maipurean linguistic friends, and therefore ranges out-of South america along side Caribbean.
In the course of Columbus’s arrival during the 1492, there have been five Taino kingdoms and territories on Hispaniola (contemporary Dominican Republic and you will Haiti), for each and every added from the a main Cacique (chieftain), to who tribute is paid back. Since the hereditary direct head regarding Taino tribes, the new cacique try reduced significant tribute. Caciques appreciated the brand new advantage out of using golden necklaces called guanin, residing in square bohios instead of the bullet of them new villagers inhabited, and you may seated toward solid wood stools when choosing subscribers. During this new Foreign language conquest, the biggest Taino people facilities may have consisted of to step 3,000 individuals or even more.
The fresh new Tainos was indeed historical neighbors and you may Braga pretty women hot opponents of fierce Carib tribes, another type of group with sources in South america exactly who existed principally in the fresh Lesser Antilles
To have a lot of the 15th century, new Taino group was being motivated to the Northeast regarding Caribbean (of what is today South america) due to raids from the fierce Caribs (Many Carib feminine talked Taino because of the great number of feminine Taino captives among them).
The first submitted smallpox outbreak for the Hispaniola took place 1507. It’s debated that there are large mestizaje along with multiple Indian pueblos you to survived for the nineteenth century into the Cuba. Brand new Spaniards exactly who earliest found its way to the fresh Bahamas, Cuba and you can Hispaniola in 1492, and later in Puerto Rico, don’t offer female. They grabbed Taino women due to their spouses, and this led to mestizo children.
Conditions The term “Taino” happens straight from Columbus. The fresh new indigenous someone he found within his basic trip entitled on their own “Taino”, meaning “good” or “noble”, to differentiate themselves of Island-Caribs. So it term put on all Isle Tainos including those in new Smaller Antilles. In your town, the fresh Tainos described on their own called their venue. For example, those in Puerto Rico called on their own Boricua (which means that folks from the new island of valiant commendable lords) their area is actually called Borike’n (Great house of your valiant noble lord) and those occupying new Bahamas titled on their own Lucayo (quick countries).
Certain ethnohistorians, instance Daniel Garrison Brinton, called the same culture of men and women “Area Arawak” regarding Arawakan term to have cassava flour, an essential of your own battle. Out of this, the words as well as the people were sooner named “Arawak”. But not, progressive scholars consider this a mistake. The individuals just who entitled on their own Arawak lived just on the Guianas and you can Trinidad as well as their language and people differ from that from the latest Taino.
By eighteenth century, Taino people was actually devastated because of the introduced disorder including smallpox, as well as other issues such as for example intermarriages and you may pressed absorption towards the fresh new plantation benefit one to The country of spain enforced with its Caribbean colonies, with its subsequent importation of African slave specialists
Going right through time, other publishers, visitor, historians, linguists, anthropologists, etc., provides interchangeably utilized these terms and conditions. Taino has been utilized so you’re able to indicate the more Antillean tribes simply, the individuals plus the Bahamas tribes, the individuals and also the Leeward Countries people or these excluding the latest Puerto Rican people and you will Leeward people. Island Taino has been used to refer to the people located in this new Windward Islands only, those who work in the fresh northern Caribbean simply or the individuals residing in people of your own islands. Modern historians, linguists and anthropologists now hold that the label Taino would be to send to all Taino/Arawak people apart from the new Caribs. New Caribs aren’t viewed from the anthropologists neither historians to be a comparable somebody even though linguists are nevertheless debating if the Carib words was a keen Arawakan dialect or creole vocabulary – or at least a definite code, which have an enthusiastic Arawakan pidgin often used in interaction.